Do it yourself murphy bed instructions Newcastle

do it yourself murphy bed instructions

DIY Murphybed Set Up Instructions Wilding Wallbeds 26/10/2015 · A “Do-It-Yourself” Murphy Bed Kit is a combination of mechanical hardware parts as well as all the necessary fasteners such as screws, bolts and connectors allowing you to build and assemble your own professional grade wall bed.

14 Best Do It Yourself Projects images Murphy bed kits

Adjustable Deluxe Mechanism createabed. 26/10/2015 · A “Do-It-Yourself” Murphy Bed Kit is a combination of mechanical hardware parts as well as all the necessary fasteners such as screws, bolts and connectors allowing you to build and assemble your own professional grade wall bed., 13/03/2017 · If you're a little tight on space, a fold-down Murphy Bed is a great way to help a room do double duty – home office, workout room or crafting area by day and bedroom by night. Rockler's new.

The triple bunk bed plan provided by myoutdoorplans.com is a step-by-step do-it-yourself woodworking guide. If you’re looking for a futon bunkbed for kids, this option is advertised as a low-cost, high-quality build utilizing your choice of woods- cedar, redwood or pine. Just a tip if you do try this for yourself make sure and add the hardware before you install the plywood base that your mattress will sit on, it could make your life a little hard if you don’t. The hydraulics on the bed are great too! I was able to partially open the bed and get my shot without the bed moving even an …

We used your kit out to physical body this murphy bed do it yourself plans incredible set of parallel beds for those times you. Offering a murphy bed Beaver State wallbed mechanism with a construction video and plans to figure a twin full operating room pouf size go to bed … DIY Murphy Beds. First we have this DIY Murphy bed by Jacque and Matt from ‘DIY Village‘, and it’s a good one! Lot’s of photos, and they were kind enough to share where they bought the Murphy bed hardware kit. (That incidentally came with a cut sheet, instructions and a DVD!) What a nice job! Just add a nice mattress. When folded up

All you need is the correct amount of wood, simple tools, and a Murphy Bed Hardware Kit. Having a Murphy bed is great for a guest room or your bedroom as it can be stored in the wall. This creates lots of extra space for when the bed is not in use. See below for a quick step-by-step on how to make a Murphy bed yourself! DIY MURPHY BED WITH Do-it-yourself Murphy bed mechanisms - build your own wallbed and transform any room into a guest room with one of our patented mechanisms.

Vertical Murphy Wall Bed Kit with Step by Step Instructions. Free Shipping in Can and USA. DIY Wall Bed Hardware Kits in Twin, Double and Queen sizes. Hey everyone! Last week I shared how I teamed up with Rockler Woodworking and Hardware as well as PureBond plywood to build a gorgeous Modern Farmhouse Murphy Bed for my office. If you missed the tutorial, you can find that here.Today, I’m continuing on from that post and sharing the free plans and tutorial for the desk modifications.

26/10/2015В В· Some might complain about the cost for the materials and the instructions, but I don't think I would have succeeded in building a Murphy Bed without them - well worth the price! After buying lumber, stain and other materials it was still only about one third the cost of a commercial purchase; and you have the pride of doing it yourself!!! Murphy Bed Installation. Murphy bed kits are devised for personal installation. Thus, consumers need not worry about getting professional help when installing this kind of bed. All kits come with a set of instructions and manual about the installation procedures. In order to properly install the beds, the following materials are needed

At Wilding Wallbeds, find PDF versions of our DIY (Do it yourself) set up and installation instructions for side mount and vertical murphybeds. DIY Murphybed set up instructions … Murphy beds are a convenient option for homes in need of more space.These handy pull-down beds come in a variety of shapes and sizes and can transform an ordinary room into a multipurpose space in no time. If you are considering installing a Murphy bed in your home, here is everything you need to know about these space-saving sleepers.

26/10/2015 · Some might complain about the cost for the materials and the instructions, but I don't think I would have succeeded in building a Murphy Bed without them - well worth the price! After buying lumber, stain and other materials it was still only about one third the cost of a commercial purchase; and you have the pride of doing it yourself!!! 07/01/2017 · I was hired to build a custom Murphy bed! This was my last project of 2016 and it was also my favorite woodworking project of the year. The Create-a-Bed Hardware it …

13/03/2017 · If you're a little tight on space, a fold-down Murphy Bed is a great way to help a room do double duty – home office, workout room or crafting area by day and bedroom by night. Rockler's new Use one of these free bed plans to build a bed for yourself, your child, or to give as a gift that will be cherished for years. There are free bed plans here for all sizes and types of beds including king beds, Murphy beds, daybeds, queen beds, platform beds , double and twin beds, and bed frames.

At Wilding Wallbeds, find PDF versions of our DIY (Do it yourself) set up and installation instructions for side mount and vertical murphybeds. DIY Murphybed set up instructions … Don’t wait anymore, do something that you will love it. Scroll down and find the furniture that can fit your personal customization needs. Read more: 10 Space Saving Kids Bedroom Furniture Design. 8 Kids Bunk Bed DIY Free Plans [Picture Instructions] 01. DIY Tardis Murphy Bed. If you are a fan of Dr.

26/10/2015 · Some might complain about the cost for the materials and the instructions, but I don't think I would have succeeded in building a Murphy Bed without them - well worth the price! After buying lumber, stain and other materials it was still only about one third the cost of a commercial purchase; and you have the pride of doing it yourself!!! The triple bunk bed plan provided by myoutdoorplans.com is a step-by-step do-it-yourself woodworking guide. If you’re looking for a futon bunkbed for kids, this option is advertised as a low-cost, high-quality build utilizing your choice of woods- cedar, redwood or pine.

How To Build A DIY Murphy Bed With Hardware Kit

do it yourself murphy bed instructions

DIY Space Saving Bed Frame Design Free Plans Instructions. Use one of these free bed plans to build a bed for yourself, your child, or to give as a gift that will be cherished for years. There are free bed plans here for all sizes and types of beds including king beds, Murphy beds, daybeds, queen beds, platform beds , double and twin beds, and bed frames., If you have dismissed getting a Murphy bed because of the outrageous cost, then take a look at this DIY Murphy bed for under $150! If you are even a little handy, it is always worth checking online to see if there are any great DIY tutorials like this one before either giving up or spending a ….

do it yourself murphy bed instructions

DIY Murphy Bed Making Room For Guests The DIY Village. With a Murphy Bed, you can get the most out of your space by having a room do double duty—as a home office, workout or crafting room during the day and as a bedroom at night. Our hardware kits are available in twin, full or queen sizes and include top-quality mechanisms that make opening and closing the bed easy. Some of the latest kits even, The triple bunk bed plan provided by myoutdoorplans.com is a step-by-step do-it-yourself woodworking guide. If you’re looking for a futon bunkbed for kids, this option is advertised as a low-cost, high-quality build utilizing your choice of woods- cedar, redwood or pine..

Queen-size Deluxe Murphy Bed Plan

do it yourself murphy bed instructions

Do It Yourself — Murphy Bed Kit Wilding Wallbeds. A Murphy bed can be simple: Some are an upright box with a folddown bed. This is a deluxe version. Get the knowledge to know how to build a Murphy bed. When William Lawrence Murphy filed patents for his space-saving bed in about 1900, he couldn’t have known that he was solving a 21st-century Do-it-yourself Murphy bed mechanisms - build your own wallbed and transform any room into a guest room with one of our patented mechanisms..

do it yourself murphy bed instructions


installation instructions for wallbed models: do-it-yourself warning! all murpy/wallbed systems contain stored energy. failure to use and follow these instructions during the installation process could result in se-vere personal injury to user or damage to product. please contact customer service at 866-725-6401 for any questions. revision 7/13 Murphy beds can be purchased from local bedding shops, but they can be a bit expensive. If you are not willing to dole out the extra cash and would enjoy building one on your own, you can get your hands on DIY Murphy bed plans.

This is one of the most important steps in building your murphy bed. Without these locks, the bed will fall down and could really hurt someone or yourself. For the locks, we used chain guards… as you see in hotels quite often. We screwed one end of the chain onto the side of the bed frame and the other end to the front of the bed frame. When DIY Murphy Beds. First we have this DIY Murphy bed by Jacque and Matt from ‘DIY Village‘, and it’s a good one! Lot’s of photos, and they were kind enough to share where they bought the Murphy bed hardware kit. (That incidentally came with a cut sheet, instructions and a DVD!) What a nice job! Just add a nice mattress. When folded up

Just a tip if you do try this for yourself make sure and add the hardware before you install the plywood base that your mattress will sit on, it could make your life a little hard if you don’t. The hydraulics on the bed are great too! I was able to partially open the bed and get my shot without the bed moving even an … Oct 25, 2018 - Explore wildingwallbeds's board "Do It Yourself Projects", followed by 721 people on Pinterest. See more ideas about Murphy bed kits, Bed wall and Murphy bed.

This do-it-yourself Murphy Bed Kit by Wilding Wall Beds comes with everything you need to create a functional Murphy bed, including the pre-cut lumber. Once it's assembled , you can customize the cabinet using crown molding, paint, and beautiful hardware. 23/06/2016 · A “Do-It-Yourself” Murphy Bed Kit is a combination of mechanical hardware parts as well as all the necessary fasteners such as screws, bolts and connectors allowing you to build and assemble your own professional grade wall bed.

>>Find more information on free murphy bed design plans. Click the link to read more The web presence is worth checking out. Plans of Woodworking Diy Projects - Murphy Bed Cut List Get A Lifetime Of Project Ideas & Inspiration! Use one of these free bed plans to build a bed for yourself, your child, or to give as a gift that will be cherished for years. There are free bed plans here for all sizes and types of beds including king beds, Murphy beds, daybeds, queen beds, platform beds , double and twin beds, and bed frames.

Do It Yourself Storage Beds. Are you a do-it-yourselfer? We carry DIY bed hardware kits for wall beds, Murphy beds, and storage beds. Building your own wall bed isn’t for everyone, but if you can build basic cabinets, you can build your own wall bed. At Wilding Wallbeds, find PDF versions of our DIY (Do it yourself) set up and installation instructions for side mount and vertical murphybeds. DIY Murphybed set up instructions …

Once you've built your bed box, use these steps put the finishing touches on your Murphy bed. How to Add Decorative Trim to a Murphy Bed DIY Network experts show how to add decorative trim to a Murphy bed to coordinate with the bookcases that surround it. If you are looking to build your own Murphybed, learn more about our Do It Yourself Murphy Bed Kits. With all of the Murphybed mechanisms and instructions, you can build your custom Murphybed in …

With a Murphy Bed, you can get the most out of your space by having a room do double duty—as a home office, workout or crafting room during the day and as a bedroom at night. Our hardware kits are available in twin, full or queen sizes and include top-quality mechanisms that make opening and closing the bed easy. Some of the latest kits even The drawback to a Murphy bed is that it is usually expensive to buy. How do you build a murphy bed? To build a murphy bed yourself, you’ll need a mattress, some wood, proper hardware, a saw, and a power drill. Ready-made Kits will make the process simpler but they will most likely increase the cost of building the murphy bed.

Do It Yourself Storage Beds. Are you a do-it-yourselfer? We carry DIY bed hardware kits for wall beds, Murphy beds, and storage beds. Building your own wall bed isn’t for everyone, but if you can build basic cabinets, you can build your own wall bed. Use one of these free bed plans to build a bed for yourself, your child, or to give as a gift that will be cherished for years. There are free bed plans here for all sizes and types of beds including king beds, Murphy beds, daybeds, queen beds, platform beds , double and twin beds, and bed frames.

If you have dismissed getting a Murphy bed because of the outrageous cost, then take a look at this DIY Murphy bed for under $150! If you are even a little handy, it is always worth checking online to see if there are any great DIY tutorials like this one before either giving up or spending a … Murphy beds are a convenient option for homes in need of more space.These handy pull-down beds come in a variety of shapes and sizes and can transform an ordinary room into a multipurpose space in no time. If you are considering installing a Murphy bed in your home, here is everything you need to know about these space-saving sleepers.

do it yourself murphy bed instructions

Do you need a guest sleeping spot, but don't have a guest room? Or is your guest room also a nursery or office? Add a hidden murphy bed with this easy project plan. The bed folds away into a cabinet that looks like an armoire. Easy instructions, no special hardware required. Queen-size Deluxe Murphy Bed Plan Plans For more plans, tools and hardware visit rockler.com Build a queen-size Deluxe Murphy Bed complete with decorative molding and matching side cabinets! What you’ll find inside: • Elevation drawings • Complete materials list • …

Do It Yourself DIY Wall Bed Hardware Kits Lift & Stor Beds

do it yourself murphy bed instructions

Full Size Do it Yourself Murphy Wall Bed Hardware Kit. Murphy beds are a convenient option for homes in need of more space.These handy pull-down beds come in a variety of shapes and sizes and can transform an ordinary room into a multipurpose space in no time. If you are considering installing a Murphy bed in your home, here is everything you need to know about these space-saving sleepers., Do It Yourself Wall Beds From Lift & Stor Beds. You can purchase a fantastic do it yourself wall bed kit from Lift & Stor and build your very own wall bed! You can choose the type of wood materials you would like, the type of finish, as well as additional cabinets or bookcases to customize your own do it yourself wall bed project, that lets you.

DIY Murphy bed for under $150 Your Modern Family

DIY Murphy Bed with Free Shipping – MurphyBedDepot. 26/10/2015 · Some might complain about the cost for the materials and the instructions, but I don't think I would have succeeded in building a Murphy Bed without them - well worth the price! After buying lumber, stain and other materials it was still only about one third the cost of a commercial purchase; and you have the pride of doing it yourself!!!, >>Find more information on free murphy bed design plans. Click the link to read more The web presence is worth checking out. Plans of Woodworking Diy Projects - Murphy Bed Cut List Get A Lifetime Of Project Ideas & Inspiration!.

This is where it all started. We purchased the mechanism for the Murphy bed and with it came instructions on making it and the wood we needed to purchase. Do you need a guest sleeping spot, but don't have a guest room? Or is your guest room also a nursery or office? Add a hidden murphy bed with this easy project plan. The bed folds away into a cabinet that looks like an armoire. Easy instructions, no special hardware required.

Do-it-yourself Murphy bed mechanisms - build your own wallbed and transform any room into a guest room with one of our patented mechanisms. Queen-size Deluxe Murphy Bed Plan Plans For more plans, tools and hardware visit rockler.com Build a queen-size Deluxe Murphy Bed complete with decorative molding and matching side cabinets! What you’ll find inside: • Elevation drawings • Complete materials list • …

If you are looking to build your own Murphybed, learn more about our Do It Yourself Murphy Bed Kits. With all of the Murphybed mechanisms and instructions, you can build your custom Murphybed in … Murphy Bed Plans are easier to follow than most people think.Have you had your eye on a Queen Murphy Bed or a Murphy Bed Kit?Now you can make your own without a store-bought Murphy Bed Kit. You don’t need the Ikea Murphy Bed because you can build it yourself (although I do love my Ikea Homework Station. This DIY wall bed will save you a lot of money & look just as great!

Do you need a guest sleeping spot, but don't have a guest room? Or is your guest room also a nursery or office? Add a hidden murphy bed with this easy project plan. The bed folds away into a cabinet that looks like an armoire. Easy instructions, no special hardware required. Now You See It, Now You Don't. If you are working with an existing Murphy bed that folds up to create a flat wall, several methods will achieve integration of the outline of the bed when not in use.

Do It Yourself Storage Beds. Are you a do-it-yourselfer? We carry DIY bed hardware kits for wall beds, Murphy beds, and storage beds. Building your own wall bed isn’t for everyone, but if you can build basic cabinets, you can build your own wall bed. If you have dismissed getting a Murphy bed because of the outrageous cost, then take a look at this DIY Murphy bed for under $150! If you are even a little handy, it is always worth checking online to see if there are any great DIY tutorials like this one before either giving up or spending a …

Hey there everyone! I can’t believe the day has finally come when I can share the tutorial for how I built this beautiful Murphy bed! If you’re new here, I’ve been remodeling my office/craft room to make it a more functional space. So far we’ve repainted the walls and replaced the baseboards as well as ripped out the old carpet and replaced it with wood laminate. >>Find more information on free murphy bed design plans. Click the link to read more The web presence is worth checking out. Plans of Woodworking Diy Projects - Murphy Bed Cut List Get A Lifetime Of Project Ideas & Inspiration!

Queen-size Deluxe Murphy Bed Plan Plans For more plans, tools and hardware visit rockler.com Build a queen-size Deluxe Murphy Bed complete with decorative molding and matching side cabinets! What you’ll find inside: • Elevation drawings • Complete materials list • … Hey everyone! Last week I shared how I teamed up with Rockler Woodworking and Hardware as well as PureBond plywood to build a gorgeous Modern Farmhouse Murphy Bed for my office. If you missed the tutorial, you can find that here.Today, I’m continuing on from that post and sharing the free plans and tutorial for the desk modifications.

Do-it-yourself (DIY): All Murphy Bed Depot Frame and DIY kits come with all the hardware you need for the frame itself, making your assembly very do-able with some basic hand tools. We Care About Your Safety: We've designed, tested, re-designed, and re-proven our products to make them as safe as possible for you and your guests to use. A Murphy bed can be simple: Some are an upright box with a folddown bed. This is a deluxe version. Get the knowledge to know how to build a Murphy bed. When William Lawrence Murphy filed patents for his space-saving bed in about 1900, he couldn’t have known that he was solving a 21st-century

All you need is the correct amount of wood, simple tools, and a Murphy Bed Hardware Kit. Having a Murphy bed is great for a guest room or your bedroom as it can be stored in the wall. This creates lots of extra space for when the bed is not in use. See below for a quick step-by-step on how to make a Murphy bed yourself! DIY MURPHY BED WITH If you are looking to build your own Murphybed, learn more about our Do It Yourself Murphy Bed Kits. With all of the Murphybed mechanisms and instructions, you can build your custom Murphybed in …

The drawback to a Murphy bed is that it is usually expensive to buy. How do you build a murphy bed? To build a murphy bed yourself, you’ll need a mattress, some wood, proper hardware, a saw, and a power drill. Ready-made Kits will make the process simpler but they will most likely increase the cost of building the murphy bed. Do It Yourself Wall Beds From Lift & Stor Beds. You can purchase a fantastic do it yourself wall bed kit from Lift & Stor and build your very own wall bed! You can choose the type of wood materials you would like, the type of finish, as well as additional cabinets or bookcases to customize your own do it yourself wall bed project, that lets you

07/01/2017 · I was hired to build a custom Murphy bed! This was my last project of 2016 and it was also my favorite woodworking project of the year. The Create-a-Bed Hardware it … Do you need a guest sleeping spot, but don't have a guest room? Or is your guest room also a nursery or office? Add a hidden murphy bed with this easy project plan. The bed folds away into a cabinet that looks like an armoire. Easy instructions, no special hardware required.

DIY Space Saving Bed Frame Design Free Plans Instructions

do it yourself murphy bed instructions

DIY Murphybed Set Up Instructions Wilding Wallbeds. Don’t wait anymore, do something that you will love it. Scroll down and find the furniture that can fit your personal customization needs. Read more: 10 Space Saving Kids Bedroom Furniture Design. 8 Kids Bunk Bed DIY Free Plans [Picture Instructions] 01. DIY Tardis Murphy Bed. If you are a fan of Dr., Just a tip if you do try this for yourself make sure and add the hardware before you install the plywood base that your mattress will sit on, it could make your life a little hard if you don’t. The hydraulics on the bed are great too! I was able to partially open the bed and get my shot without the bed moving even an ….

How to Build a Murphy Bed Using Create-a-Bed Hardware

do it yourself murphy bed instructions

DIY Murphy Beds OhMeOhMy Blog. installation instructions for wallbed models: do-it-yourself warning! all murpy/wallbed systems contain stored energy. failure to use and follow these instructions during the installation process could result in se-vere personal injury to user or damage to product. please contact customer service at 866-725-6401 for any questions. revision 7/13 13/03/2017 · If you're a little tight on space, a fold-down Murphy Bed is a great way to help a room do double duty – home office, workout room or crafting area by day and bedroom by night. Rockler's new.

do it yourself murphy bed instructions


Do you need a guest sleeping spot, but don't have a guest room? Or is your guest room also a nursery or office? Add a hidden murphy bed with this easy project plan. The bed folds away into a cabinet that looks like an armoire. Easy instructions, no special hardware required. With a Murphy Bed, you can get the most out of your space by having a room do double duty—as a home office, workout or crafting room during the day and as a bedroom at night. Our hardware kits are available in twin, full or queen sizes and include top-quality mechanisms that make opening and closing the bed easy. Some of the latest kits even

The drawback to a Murphy bed is that it is usually expensive to buy. How do you build a murphy bed? To build a murphy bed yourself, you’ll need a mattress, some wood, proper hardware, a saw, and a power drill. Ready-made Kits will make the process simpler but they will most likely increase the cost of building the murphy bed. 07/01/2017 · I was hired to build a custom Murphy bed! This was my last project of 2016 and it was also my favorite woodworking project of the year. The Create-a-Bed Hardware it …

The drawback to a Murphy bed is that it is usually expensive to buy. How do you build a murphy bed? To build a murphy bed yourself, you’ll need a mattress, some wood, proper hardware, a saw, and a power drill. Ready-made Kits will make the process simpler but they will most likely increase the cost of building the murphy bed. At Wilding Wallbeds, find PDF versions of our DIY (Do it yourself) set up and installation instructions for side mount and vertical murphybeds. DIY Murphybed set up instructions …

All you need is the correct amount of wood, simple tools, and a Murphy Bed Hardware Kit. Having a Murphy bed is great for a guest room or your bedroom as it can be stored in the wall. This creates lots of extra space for when the bed is not in use. See below for a quick step-by-step on how to make a Murphy bed yourself! DIY MURPHY BED WITH Now You See It, Now You Don't. If you are working with an existing Murphy bed that folds up to create a flat wall, several methods will achieve integration of the outline of the bed when not in use.

Use one of these free bed plans to build a bed for yourself, your child, or to give as a gift that will be cherished for years. There are free bed plans here for all sizes and types of beds including king beds, Murphy beds, daybeds, queen beds, platform beds , double and twin beds, and bed frames. This is one of the most important steps in building your murphy bed. Without these locks, the bed will fall down and could really hurt someone or yourself. For the locks, we used chain guards… as you see in hotels quite often. We screwed one end of the chain onto the side of the bed frame and the other end to the front of the bed frame. When

Do It Yourself Storage Beds. Are you a do-it-yourselfer? We carry DIY bed hardware kits for wall beds, Murphy beds, and storage beds. Building your own wall bed isn’t for everyone, but if you can build basic cabinets, you can build your own wall bed. This is where it all started. We purchased the mechanism for the Murphy bed and with it came instructions on making it and the wood we needed to purchase.

Just a tip if you do try this for yourself make sure and add the hardware before you install the plywood base that your mattress will sit on, it could make your life a little hard if you don’t. The hydraulics on the bed are great too! I was able to partially open the bed and get my shot without the bed moving even an … At Wilding Wallbeds, find PDF versions of our DIY (Do it yourself) set up and installation instructions for side mount and vertical murphybeds. DIY Murphybed set up instructions …

26/10/2015 · A “Do-It-Yourself” Murphy Bed Kit is a combination of mechanical hardware parts as well as all the necessary fasteners such as screws, bolts and connectors allowing you to build and assemble your own professional grade wall bed. At Wilding Wallbeds, find PDF versions of our DIY (Do it yourself) set up and installation instructions for side mount and vertical murphybeds. DIY Murphybed set up instructions …

>>Find more information on free murphy bed design plans. Click the link to read more The web presence is worth checking out. Plans of Woodworking Diy Projects - Murphy Bed Cut List Get A Lifetime Of Project Ideas & Inspiration! Hey everyone! Last week I shared how I teamed up with Rockler Woodworking and Hardware as well as PureBond plywood to build a gorgeous Modern Farmhouse Murphy Bed for my office. If you missed the tutorial, you can find that here.Today, I’m continuing on from that post and sharing the free plans and tutorial for the desk modifications.

Do It Yourself Storage Beds. Are you a do-it-yourselfer? We carry DIY bed hardware kits for wall beds, Murphy beds, and storage beds. Building your own wall bed isn’t for everyone, but if you can build basic cabinets, you can build your own wall bed. If you are looking to build your own Murphybed, learn more about our Do It Yourself Murphy Bed Kits. With all of the Murphybed mechanisms and instructions, you can build your custom Murphybed in …

do it yourself murphy bed instructions

The drawback to a Murphy bed is that it is usually expensive to buy. How do you build a murphy bed? To build a murphy bed yourself, you’ll need a mattress, some wood, proper hardware, a saw, and a power drill. Ready-made Kits will make the process simpler but they will most likely increase the cost of building the murphy bed. Do-it-yourself Murphy bed mechanisms - build your own wallbed and transform any room into a guest room with one of our patented mechanisms.